How to Invent: My 30-Year Process from 100+ Patents

A Design Engineer's Proven System for Generating Patentable Ideas

After 30 years as a design engineer and accumulating over 100 patents working with companies like DeWalt, Black & Decker, Stanley, and ResMed, I've developed a systematic approach to invention that anyone can learn. This isn't theory from an academic textbook—it's a real-world process refined through thousands of hours creating products that people actually use.

My Personal Invention Process: How I Generate Patentable Ideas

Invention isn't magic. It's not about waiting for inspiration to strike. It's about having a reliable system you can deploy whenever you need innovative solutions. Here's the exact process I use when I need to invent something new:

Step 1: Define the Problem Clearly

Most failed inventions start with a poorly defined problem. I spend significant time understanding exactly what needs to be solved. Questions I ask:

• What is the user trying to accomplish? (Jobs-to-be-Done framework)
• What are the current solutions and why do they fail?
• What constraints exist? (Cost, manufacturing, materials, regulations)
• What would the ideal solution look like?
• Who benefits if this problem is solved?

Step 2: Research Existing Solutions and Patents

Before inventing anything, I thoroughly research what already exists. This includes:

• Patent searches on USPTO, Google Patents, and EPO databases
• Competitive product analysis
• Academic research and technical papers
• User reviews and complaints about existing products
• Adjacent industries that might have solved similar problems

This research phase prevents reinventing the wheel and often reveals gaps in existing solutions where new patents are possible.

Step 3: Apply Systematic Innovation Techniques

This is where the real invention happens. I use proven ideation techniques that force your brain to think differently. These aren't random brainstorming sessions—they're structured methods that consistently generate patentable concepts.

The Innovation Tools I Use Daily

SCAMPER Technique for Invention

SCAMPER is my go-to technique for product improvement and invention. It's an acronym that prompts you to think about products in seven different ways:

• Substitute: What materials, components, or processes could be replaced?
• Combine: What features or products could be merged together?
• Adapt: What could be adjusted to serve another purpose?
• Modify: What could be changed in size, shape, or attributes?
• Put to another use: How could this serve a different market?
• Eliminate: What could be removed to simplify?
• Reverse/Rearrange: What if the sequence was different?

Real Example: When designing cordless power tools, SCAMPER led me to question battery placement (Rearrange), combine tool functions (Combine), and eliminate unnecessary weight (Eliminate). Several patents came from this single SCAMPER session.

TRIZ: The Russian Innovation System

TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) is based on analyzing millions of patents to identify patterns in how problems are solved. It includes 40 Inventive Principles that provide specific strategies for overcoming technical contradictions.

Key TRIZ Principles I Use Most:

• Segmentation: Divide an object into independent parts
• Taking Out: Extract the disturbing part from an object
• Local Quality: Change structure from uniform to non-uniform
• Asymmetry: Change from symmetrical to asymmetrical
• Merging: Bring closer together identical or similar objects
• Universality: Make an object perform multiple functions
• Nested Doll: Place one object inside another
• Beforehand Cushioning: Prepare emergency means beforehand

Real Example: TRIZ's "Nested Doll" principle inspired telescoping handle designs. "Beforehand Cushioning" led to safety features that activate before accidents occur.

Morphological Analysis for Complex Products

When inventing complex products with multiple variables, I use Morphological Analysis. This technique breaks down a product into its essential functions, lists alternative ways to achieve each function, and systematically combines them to create new concepts.

Example Process:

• List all functions (power source, user interface, safety mechanism, etc.)
• Identify 3-5 alternatives for each function
• Create a matrix of all possible combinations
• Evaluate promising combinations for feasibility and novelty

This method generated over 200 conceptual variations for a single power tool project, with 15+ becoming patentable designs.

Design Thinking Process

Design Thinking provides a human-centered framework for innovation. The five stages are:

• Empathize: Deeply understand user needs through observation and interviews
• Define: Frame the problem from the user's perspective
• Ideate: Generate numerous solutions without judgment
• Prototype: Build quick, low-cost models to test concepts
• Test: Get real user feedback and iterate

Design Thinking is particularly valuable when inventing consumer products where user experience is critical.

Formula One Innovation Methods

Formula One teams are masters of rapid innovation under extreme constraints. I've adapted their methods:

• Marginal Gains: Make tiny improvements everywhere
• Rapid Iteration: Test, learn, improve, repeat quickly
• Data-Driven Decisions: Measure everything, trust the numbers
• Cross-Functional Collaboration: Break down silos between departments
• Constraint-Based Innovation: Use regulations as creative challenges

This approach is excellent when you need continuous improvement rather than breakthrough innovation.

Six Thinking Hats Method

Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats helps evaluate ideas from different perspectives:

• White Hat: Focus on data and facts
• Red Hat: Consider emotions and intuition
• Black Hat: Identify risks and problems
• Yellow Hat: Explore benefits and optimism
• Green Hat: Generate creative alternatives
• Blue Hat: Manage the thinking process

This method prevents groupthink and ensures thorough evaluation of invention concepts before investing in prototypes.

Systematic Inventive Thinking (SIT)

SIT is a streamlined version of TRIZ focused on five thinking tools:

• Subtraction: Remove essential components and adapt
• Multiplication: Copy components with modifications
• Division: Separate product into independent parts
• Task Unification: Assign new tasks to existing components
• Attribute Dependency: Create new relationships between attributes

SIT is particularly effective for incremental innovation and product line extensions.

Step 4: Generate Multiple Concepts

I never stop at the first idea. Using the techniques above, I typically generate 20-50 concepts for any given problem. Quantity leads to quality in invention—the 47th idea is often better than the 1st.

My concept generation rules:

• No judgment during initial ideation
• Combine techniques (SCAMPER + TRIZ often works well)
• Sketch everything—visual thinking reveals new possibilities
• Take breaks—solutions often emerge while away from the desk
• Document everything—today's rejected idea might solve tomorrow's problem

Step 5: Evaluate and Select Concepts

After generating concepts, I use a structured evaluation process:

• Patent Novelty: Is it truly new? (Patent searches)
• Technical Feasibility: Can it be manufactured with current technology?
• Cost Viability: Will target customers pay enough to make profit?
• Market Need: Does it solve a real problem people care about?
• Competitive Advantage: Why is this better than existing solutions?
• IP Protection: Can it be protected with patents?

I score each concept on these criteria and focus resources on the highest-scoring ideas.

Step 6: Build and Test Prototypes

Paper concepts mean nothing until they're tested in the real world. I build prototypes as quickly and cheaply as possible:

• Foam Core Models: For form and ergonomics
• 3D Printed Parts: For mechanical function testing
• Breadboard Circuits: For electronics validation
• Cardboard Mockups: For user interaction studies
• Functional Prototypes: For real-world performance testing

Every prototype teaches you something. Failed prototypes are often more valuable than successful ones because they reveal what doesn't work.

Step 7: File Patent Applications

Once I have a proven concept, I work with patent attorneys to protect the intellectual property. Key patent strategies:

• Provisional Patents: File early to establish priority date
• Broad Claims: Protect the core concept, not just one embodiment
• Multiple Variations: File continuations covering different implementations
• Design Patents: Protect unique visual appearance
• International Filing: Protect in key markets (US, EU, China)

Real Innovation Stories from My Career

Power Tool Battery Innovation

Challenge: Users complained about battery placement interfering with balance and visibility. Using SCAMPER's "Rearrange" principle, I experimented with unconventional battery locations. This led to a patent for a slide-on battery pack that improved tool balance and allowed hot-swapping without stopping work.

Dust Collection System

Challenge: Traditional dust collection added bulk and cost. Using TRIZ's "Taking Out" principle, I separated the dust collection from the tool body. The result was a modular system that could be added or removed based on user needs—three patents emerged from this approach.

Ergonomic Handle Design

Challenge: One handle design can't fit all hand sizes comfortably. Morphological Analysis helped me map out all possible grip variations. By combining adjustable angle, removable components, and texture variations, I created a handle system that adapts to different users—resulting in five related patents.

Medical Device Safety Feature

Challenge: Needed to prevent accidental activation of medical equipment. TRIZ's "Beforehand Cushioning" principle suggested anticipating the error condition. This led to a sensor-based system that detects incorrect setup before activation—a critical safety innovation that became a key patent for ResMed.

Common Invention Mistakes to Avoid

• Falling in love with your first idea: Generate many alternatives before committing
• Ignoring patent research: Don't waste time reinventing existing solutions
• Over-complicating: Simple solutions are often better and more patentable
• Forgetting manufacturing: Brilliant concepts fail if they can't be made economically
• Skipping user testing: Your assumptions about user needs are probably wrong
• Poor documentation: Keep detailed records for patent applications
• Waiting for perfection: File provisional patents early to establish priority

The Innovation Mindset

Beyond techniques and processes, successful invention requires a particular mindset:

• Curiosity: Always ask "why" and "what if"
• Persistence: Most ideas fail—keep generating and testing
• Observation: Watch how people actually use products
• Cross-pollination: Solutions from one industry often work in another
• Embrace constraints: Limitations force creative solutions
• Learn from failure: Every failed prototype teaches valuable lessons
• Collaborate: Other perspectives reveal blind spots

Tools and Resources I Use

• Patent Databases: USPTO, Google Patents, Espacenet (EPO)
• CAD Software: SolidWorks, Fusion 360 for 3D modeling
• Sketching: Always carry notebook for quick concept capture
• Prototyping: 3D printer, basic workshop tools, electronics lab
• Innovation Software: Mind mapping tools, TRIZ databases
• Literature: Technical journals, patent analysis, competitive intelligence

How to Start Your Invention Journey

If you're new to inventing, here's how to begin:

For Beginners:

1. Take the Creative Personality Test: Understand your natural innovation style
2. Start with SCAMPER: It's the easiest technique to learn and apply
3. Choose a simple problem: Don't start with complex inventions
4. Generate 20 ideas: Force yourself past the obvious solutions
5. Build a rough prototype: Even cardboard mockups teach valuable lessons
6. Search existing patents: Learn what's already been done
7. Join inventor communities: Learn from experienced inventors

For Intermediate Inventors:

1. Learn TRIZ fundamentals: Study the 40 Inventive Principles
2. Try Morphological Analysis: For complex multi-variable problems
3. File a provisional patent: Protect your best concepts early
4. Build functional prototypes: Move beyond appearance models
5. Conduct user testing: Get real feedback from target users
6. Study successful patents: Analyze how others protected similar inventions

For Advanced Inventors:

1. Combine multiple techniques: TRIZ + SCAMPER + Design Thinking
2. Build patent portfolios: Multiple related patents create defensible positions
3. Work with patent attorneys: Professional help maximizes protection
4. Consider licensing: Don't just invent—commercialize your IP
5. Mentor others: Teaching reinforces your own innovation skills

InventionPath Tools and Resources

I've created interactive tools based on the techniques I use daily:

• SCAMPER Idea Generator: Step-by-step prompts using the SCAMPER technique
• TRIZ Problem Solver: Apply the 40 Inventive Principles to your challenges
• Morphological Analysis Tool: Systematically explore concept combinations
• Design Thinking Guide: Structured process for human-centered innovation
• Six Thinking Hats Evaluator: Assess ideas from multiple perspectives
• SIT Technique Generator: Apply Systematic Inventive Thinking methods
• Patent Strategy Generator: Get personalized patent filing strategies
• Creative Personality Test: Discover your innovation style (Visionary, Builder, Explorer, or Harmonizer)
• Formula One Innovation Methods: Apply F1 rapid iteration techniques

Frequently Asked Questions About Inventing

How long does it take to develop a patentable invention?

It varies dramatically. Simple improvements might take weeks, while complex systems can take years. My average is 3-6 months from initial concept to provisional patent filing, including multiple rounds of prototyping and testing.

Do I need an engineering degree to be an inventor?

No. Some of the best inventions come from people experiencing problems firsthand. Engineering knowledge helps with feasibility and prototyping, but creativity and persistence are more important than formal education.

How much does it cost to file a patent?

Provisional patents cost $130-$280 for USPTO filing fees. Full utility patents with attorney help typically cost $8,000-$15,000. Design patents are cheaper at $2,000-$4,000. International filing multiplies these costs significantly.

Which innovation technique should I start with?

SCAMPER is the easiest for beginners. It's intuitive, requires no special training, and immediately generates ideas. Once comfortable with SCAMPER, add TRIZ for more systematic problem-solving.

How do I know if my idea is patentable?

Search existing patents on USPTO and Google Patents. Your invention must be: (1) Novel - truly new, (2) Non-obvious - not a predictable combination, (3) Useful - serves a practical purpose. Consult a patent attorney for definitive answers.

Should I build a prototype before filing a patent?

You don't need a working prototype to file a patent, but I strongly recommend it. Prototypes reveal design flaws and often lead to additional patentable improvements. File a provisional patent first, then refine the design before filing the full utility patent.

How do I protect my idea while discussing it with others?

Use Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDAs) before sharing details. However, many companies won't sign NDAs for unsolicited ideas. File a provisional patent first for legal protection before any discussions.

Can I patent an improvement to an existing product?

Yes! Many of my patents are improvements to existing products. The improvement must be novel and non-obvious. Even small innovations can be patentable if they provide clear benefits.

What if someone already invented something similar?

Study their patent carefully. You might be able to patent a different implementation, improvement, or application. Many successful patents are variations of existing concepts applied in new ways.

How do I make money from my inventions?

Several options: (1) License patents to companies for royalties, (2) Start a company to manufacture and sell, (3) Sell patents outright, (4) Use patents defensively if you're in business. Licensing is most common for individual inventors.

The Reality of Professional Inventing

After 100+ patents and 30 years, here's the honest truth about inventing:

• Most ideas fail: Maybe 1 in 50 concepts becomes a successful product
• Patents aren't guarantees: A patent gives you the right to sue, not automatic money
• Persistence matters most: Success comes from consistent effort over years, not lightning strikes of genius
• Collaboration is essential: No one invents in isolation—you need engineers, manufacturers, marketers
• Learn from everything: Failed products teach more than successful ones
• Timing matters: Even great inventions fail if they're too early or too late
• User needs trump clever engineering: Solve real problems, not interesting technical challenges

Why I Created InventionPath

After decades of professional inventing, I wanted to share what actually works. Not academic theory, but real techniques I use every day to generate patentable ideas. InventionPath provides the exact tools and methods that have resulted in over 100 patents across power tools, medical devices, consumer products, and industrial equipment.

Whether you're an aspiring inventor, professional engineer, entrepreneur, or just curious about innovation, these proven techniques will help you generate better ideas more consistently.

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